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  VS Arduino › Visual Micro › Visual Studio 2019, 2022, 2026 › Compiler issue I haven't see since 1978
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Normal Topic Compiler issue I haven't see since 1978 (Read 2903 times)
Bob Jones
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Compiler issue I haven't see since 1978
May 20th, 2018 at 6:42pm
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Something changed recently that impacts the way the C++ compiler processes my code. Here is an abstract of what I am seeing:

void A () {
  B();
}

void B () {
}

Compile error because B hasn't been defined yet when called by A.

I saw this issue in 1978 when I joined Tandem Computers and started writing in TAL (Tandem's Assembly Language). It required that all referenced code be defined before being called. This forced a discipline to the code such that I could count on the beginning of the program to be the very last function in the code.

I am seeing this pattern in my own code and wondering if this is a switch setting that I inadvertently checked or something else. I can provide details if that will help.

  
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Tim@Visual Micro
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Re: Compiler issue I haven't see since 1978
Reply #1 - May 20th, 2018 at 9:26pm
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Hi Bob

If you were using a standard cpp file you would have needed to define a prototype to ensure B is defined before it is referenced.

With .ino we try to automatically insert the prototypes but its' not an exact science and depending on the code above the methods and the order things are defined it can be right or wrong.

The safest way is to define the prototypes yourself in your code at the location that makes sense. ensure the exact same signature as the function

In the "work in progress" download there is a new example project that demonstrates this. Also demonstrates an easier way to work with local libraries. ("file>new>project>c++>arduino project with local library")

Code (C++)
Select All
//define user types


//define c++ protoypes
void A();
void B();

//define methods

void A() {
  B();
}

void B() {
}
« Last Edit: May 20th, 2018 at 9:29pm by Tim@Visual Micro »  
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Bob Jones
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Re: Compiler issue I haven't see since 1978
Reply #2 - May 20th, 2018 at 10:30pm
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Thanks, Tim. That makes lots of sense. My code was in a .ino file while it was being developed. I will move it into a class. And in fact, I think it may be a good candidate to test your local library concept. I will let you know how it works out.
  
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Tim@Visual Micro
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Re: Compiler issue I haven't see since 1978
Reply #3 - May 20th, 2018 at 10:31pm
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Thanks v much
  
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Bob Jones
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Re: Compiler issue I haven't see since 1978
Reply #4 - May 21st, 2018 at 3:40am
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Tim,

I converted my HC05 AT Utility program to your structure. It took me about an hour. It would go a lot faster if I didn't create Library1 or if I knew how to rename it. 

What I am puzzled by is that I don't understand what I just read about the intention of this new capability. I am developing a program that will have at least three instantiations under different names like "Commander", "Signaler" and "Motor Manager". In each case, the only thing different between the three programs will be the content of "Robot.h". 

The discovery you shared with me about using Add Reference meant that I can work on the same class library in all three programs. By putting all of the classes I am developing in the libraries folder, I can have three instances of Visual Studio open (right now I have 5!) and each can be editing the same file. 

The way I read the description of this capability, it sounds like the intention is to share the same code with multiple sketches... just what I am doing; however it is not at all clear to me how this is supposed to happen.

So two questions: 
1) Is the approach I am currently using viable... optimal?
2) What am I missing about the new approach?

Bob

  
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Tim@Visual Micro
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Re: Compiler issue I haven't see since 1978
Reply #5 - May 21st, 2018 at 11:50am
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For that you just need to use a shared project. I only mentioned local libraries because in the zip example you provided previously you have created shared projects/libraries but below a sketch.

I suggest you keep your shared projects in folders above or as siblings to your project(s), not below individual projects.
  
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