EDIT: after making the change described below click Rescan or restart the IDE.

Thanks for the post. You will notice in the Arduino IDE and in Visual Micro that when the Arduino Due is selected the library is not displayed in the list of available libraries.

When the Arduino IDE builds it shows a waning

WARNING: library RF24 claims to run on (avr, arm, x86, esp8266, esp32) architecture(s) and may be incompatible with your current board which runs on (sam) architecture(s).
 

We will add the same warning to the next release of Visual Micro but allow attempt to compile.

The warning exists because the library has incorrect architectures listed in the library.properties. You can see the library.properties is just a text file in the library folder.

The Arduino Due is a SAM board so you need to add "sam" to the list of supported architectures. You can do that easily.

Find the library folder:-
C:\Users\[YOUR_NAME]\Documents\Arduino\libraries\RF24

Open/edit the library.properties with notepad and add "sam" to "architectures=" like this...

name=RF24
version=1.3.3
author=TMRh20
maintainer=TMRh20,Avamander
sentence=A library for NRF24L01(+) communication.
paragraph=Optimized library for nRF24L01(+) that is simple to use for beginners, but yet offers a lot for advanced users. It also has a lot of good examples how to use the library.
category=Communication
url=https://tmrh20.github.io/RF24/
architectures=avr,arm,x86,esp8266,esp32,sam

 

Someone should submit a git update to the library so that it is listed properly and known to be supported for SAM and maybe also SAMD (Arduino Zero)

Libraries with invalid architecures are now fully supported, however they might fail to build for valid reasons.